Vodun and African culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Vodun and African culture - Essay Example They accept there exists a chain of command of substandard manifestations, the vodun that change in quality from Superior divinities that administer nature powers and social orders of men to the individual streams’ spirits, shakes and trees, an articulation thought about holy. Another conviction is that God can't battle with the people, which makes the Vodun the center of strict life. This component of Vodun religion looks to some extent like Trinity and points and holy people intervention making Vodun entirely perfect with Catholicism and for the most part Christianity. A solid syncretistic Haitian Vodou was considered accordingly. Tying of spirits is another wonder in Vodun. They trust in tying a spirit in something unmistakable and physical (Robinson, pg. 72). An individual is connected to someone else utilizing a spirit tie, which usually interfaces the living and the dead and it is a type of a revile. The key and center Vodun angle is performing recuperating to the individuals from diseases. Houngans and Mambo ostensibly have a predominant job in mending. Mending acted in Vodun is a mix of confidence recuperating (utilizing Iwa’s help and some different spirits), home grown medication, and the western medication is picking up notoriety in numerous Vodun recuperating rehearses (McGee. pg. 28

Criminal Profiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Criminal Profiling - Essay Example The fair treatment model, be that as it may, centers around rights and opportunities of suspects and in postponing the presumes trepidation, undermines the criminal equity system’s destinations of guaranteeing peace and rights and opportunity of greater part of individuals from the general public who are powerless to criminal exploitation (Packer 153-172). Danger of fear recognizes the requirement for profiling yet arrangements of established alterations block law authorization from concentrating examinations on gatherings of individuals. The Fifth Amendment builds up the requirement for fair treatment under the watchful eye of activities by law authorization officials, on U.S. residents, and this implies discretionary spotlight can't be made on a gathering of residents, regardless of their potential relationship with fear dangers. The fourteenth amendment additionally shields basic rights from subjective laws and this implies it blocks any position that law requirement officials can work on during profiling (Kaplan 30). Moral thought would anyway educate my adjusting between enthusiasm regarding wellbeing and security and making sure about rights and common liabilities of residents. Rights and opportunities consistently strife and are the reason wellbeing and security worries to require center around security and security. Also, right s and opportunity of crooks, who are a couple of individuals from the general public, contradicts rights and opportunities of others. Subsequently, concentrating on wellbeing and security reaches out to guarantee rights and opportunity of a greater part to build up a decent

Logistics case Essay

What systems can strategy creators utilize to advance fruitful arrangement usage Policies, approach producers and association with history - Essay Example This procedure really includes the interpretation of the destinations of the approach into the framework. It has three essential components which incorporate making obligation or an office who might deal with this new duty. Furthermore, there should be operational principles and rules for the approach program and staff and assets should be facilitated with the goal that the plan of the arrangement is accomplished. Proposition articulation Policy usage is the following stage after selection of a strategy and they represent the deciding moment the arrangement. There will be no impact on society if the approach is rarely executed; anyway this is a mind boggling system that has numerous aspects and elements for progress. Arrangement execution Policies likewise have certain planned and unintended impacts. Expected impacts are those that mean to search out a positive profit by an approach and this could likewise be one of the manners in which that strategies really stay away from the negat ive impacts. That is the reason there is a norm and arrangement creators will consistently contrast their approach against the standard with see whether it is above or underneath the standard. A model could incorporate the approach the State of California executed which prompted the expansion being used of mixture vehicles. The Federal Law gave tax reductions worth $1500 just as extraordinary paths to mixture vehicles which prompted an expansion in the utilization of half and half vehicles and this prompted a beneficial outcome or an expected impact. The legislature made an impact by making a move which was the approach despite the fact that the alternative of ‘high-inhabitance vehicle lanes’ isn't accessible for new half and half vehicles. (Suleiman, 1984) Negative reactions that are not expected are called ‘unintended’ and they are normally on the grounds that strategy making frameworks are generally perplexing. They may set the expense rate so high or so low that this discourages cash from the economy. In this manner the arrangement usage fine brushes the approach activities with the goal that these unintended impacts are dealt with; anyway it is difficult to evacuate the whole negative impacts while execution. (Yates, 1977) Policy making as previously mentioned is where the administration really completes and executes a specific strategy that is received when it is required by the law or something else. The various offices that are liable for the individual approach regions meet up and are given the conventional obligation regarding executing the strategy and this is typically the phase when the bill is not, at this point a bill yet turns into a law. When the legislature has made an open approach, for example, a standard, law, order, resolution or any guideline, the arrangement must be executed and observed, regulated and afterward it ought to be constrained upon society so it achieves the change that strategy creators want it to. The office that is answerable for usage is enabled the ideal assets and to permit the new arrangement to be actualized easily, anyway this is normally not the situation. Be that as it may, for what reason is open approach executed in any case? Open arrangements are executed so that there is some adjustment in the populace with the goal that a specific open issue is settled or if nothing else enhanced at any rate. The difficult will keep on existing until the arrangement is done and once the strategy is actualized, it will be assessed to check whether the outcomes that were wanted are being acquired and further update and implantation can happen. Organizations of organization will do the greater part of crafted by the administration thus they affect the residents of the area and are engaged with approach implementa

Biological Cloning and Nuclear Transplantation Essay

Organic Cloning and Nuclear Transplantation - Essay Example Burnett states about the logical idea, â€Å"Scientists will take the core of a physical, or nonreproductive, cell from Alcalde and addition it into an egg cell from a cow, from which the core has been evacuated. The subsequent incipient organism will be developed in a hatchery and afterward embedded in a dairy animals to develop† (2008, p.1). In lay language, the idea includes the craving to deliver creatures with predominant characteristics that can't be accomplished through typical proliferation. The procedure includes atomic transplantation, in which the hereditary material from a given cell is embedded into the host. For this situation, the host is an unfertilized egg whose hereditary material has been expelled through enucleation process. The natural procedure of atomic transplantation is whereby researchers get a cell from a grown-up creature they wish to clone. The genome of the creature is contained in the core of this inferred cell. Genome is the DNA that has directi ons to make another person. The following stage in this procedure is taking an unfertilized egg from the female of similar species, and expelling its core (Mann, 2003, p.1). The researchers at that point put the core into the egg; accordingly, essentially supplanting the DNA of the egg with that of the cloning creature. The core got from the benefactor cell is melded with the egg with the assistance of a smell electric flow went through the cell. Including a progression of synthetic concoctions into the egg fools it into accepting that preparation is occurring. At this stage, the result might be fruitful or ineffective.

How to Write Quality toefl Content to Get Rich

How to Write Quality toefl Content to Get RichIn order to write a quality total content, you will need to be able to give your reader something that is unique and interesting. What do I mean by unique? You'll need to find an idea that nobody else has done before.Many people who are writing about another topic don't seem to know how to make their ideas unique. In fact, they try to add even more information, information that has already been done before. For example, somebody might say that a change in pricing for a product is a good thing. However, what people fail to realize is that if the pricing change was not as it should have been, then the price of the product would go up.What should someone think about? Should they try to find a person who has the highest price for that product? Or should they think of a way to make their readers think of another person?They're probably wondering if this person is one of their own friends or family. When you create a unique content that is able to make the reader think of something else, then you are giving them something that is interesting and original.If you want your toefl writing topics to be successful, you have to be able to think of something that will be different. Your readers may not even realize that they are thinking of something different until after you've given them something interesting.The point of writing is to have a lot of opinions about a topic. You want to come up with as many different ideas as possible. Writing content about something like the price of the items in a grocery store, is not going to work because most people already know what the average price of an item is. Therefore, you can never make them think of something different.To find something that other people are thinking about, search online. Keep in mind that even though you have all the information that you need, you still need to come up with new ideas and that is what your audience wants.

Evaluating and Synthesizing Research Findings - Free Essay Example

Introduction In the study on the juvenile justice across the globe, the synthesis of the elements within the research is important for the reader to understand the information provided to him or her. Combination of the resources and the sources giving the research a nice report is known as the synthesize and combination of the information is the reason as to why the researcher has to acquire information for the study. On the issue of the literature review, some of the elements in the study are those findings in which the literature has to gather together and make them read correctly. The drawing together of the findings in a whole study and in literature is important since it makes one identify how the literature has to address the research question. The manner in which the sources, the methodology and all other elements of a research has to address the research question and in this situation is the juvenile justice is what all researchers call the synthesize of the research findings. The sources have to be of the highest quality and all gather together the information needed to make the research complete and successful. There is a given process in which the research findings have to cover in any study and this is the gathering of the literature and addressing the topic of discussion, the review of the literature, summary, description and analysis of the key concepts that are needed. Finally, synthesize is the aspect of drawing together a conclusion of the literature where a clear comparison and contrast of the information is given. Critically evaluating the lite rature review and the sources provided to back up the study is important and this is the reason as to why the given address is to make the juvenile justice question to be fully synthesized. Juvenile justice across the globe can be termed to be barely 100 years in their age and this is according to the credible sources the research has done. The juvenile justice has been evolving and having many transformations across the world to suit the juveniles been corrected. It began with the idea of handling the youths around a given country and transforms them after they have been caught in the offensive side of the arms of the law. This has changed around the world through the manner in which they perceive justice to the youthful offenders to making them be comparable with the adult criminal justice. The adults have their own justice systems that have been in conjunction with the juvenile justice since they all lie within the same justice lines. According to the sources, the juvenile justice system is currently seeking the idea of getting established within the society we live today. The juvenile justice system seems to be ending any time soon but the society is not letting it go but this is what it looks like in future. The sources given show some of the areas in which the justice system is changing around the globe with people having changing minds on the issue. The history of the juvenile justice system is very short compared to any other criminal justice system around the globe since it was started just the other day. Other sources show that the issue of deviance from youths in the society is a fact in the life we live today. People have organized the issue of societal interventions in order to cub these transgressions from the youthful offenders. This has gained momentum all across many of the societies in making sure that the youths are corrected within the juvenile justice systems. The sources on the juvenile justice systems are credible regarding the manner in which they were found and they are all peer reviewed. The information the peer reviewed sources give simply indicates the authenticity of the research on the juvenile justice systems. The manner in which the sources give information in regards to the topic of research simply shows the quality of the sources and the manner in which the readers can understand the whole issue. Juvenile justice at first brought the aspect of making sure that some of the youths are separated from the other due to their behaviors, expectations and the privileges the youths had towards the others. Other sources show the information in that some of the youths had to live according to the standards of the adults and this brought back the issue of juvenile justice systems. At some point, it is important for the researcher to use some of the scholarly articles within his or her reach to get the best sources in order to present qual ity information on a topic. This is the reason as to why these sources are termed to be quality compared to others since they give information that is accurate to the readers of the research. With the use of the google scholar, it is understood that all sources coming from this site are quality and can provide information worthwhile. The manner in which it looks for the sources is very simple and makes the sources to be the best with the information needed on juvenile justice. The purpose of the sources in the research is to give quality information ad this is the idea in which the research findings can be synthesized. Therefore, it is important for the sources to address the topic of research so that they can be of quality and authentic. Methodology and technique The methodology and the techniques used in the search of the sources is unique in a way that it gives the reader the information and accuracy of the information. The step by step analysis of the study and finding of the sources is a systematic way of offering a theoretical background on the information that is shared within the sources. This is important at any given time since it shows the accuracy of the shared information and the manner in which one can access the sources at any given time. The method of getting the sources also facilitates the knowledge and understanding of the applied practices that can be used in a given case. In this instance, it is for sure that the search techniques applied within the study of the juvenile justice across the globe can be used to dig out any other information needed for the case. This is important for the reader of the literature to understand the manner in which the information was collected at any given point and time. The given researcher has to be clear on some of the aspects needed in conducting the methods of research within a given case. There is the issue of the qualitative and the quantitative research techniques around the globe that include experiments, observations, surveys and the use of the secondary data to analyze a given situation. The qualitative methods in this juvenile justice case are the ones that are used in the gaining of an understanding for some reasons not stated. These are the opinions that are shared within a given situations and make it possible for the idea of research to shift the information giving reasons, opinions and insights in regards to the topic of discussion. The sources provided within the qualitative analysis of the research topic simply provide the insights to the problem and help in the making of other researches for future quantitative topics. The rationale in which the qualitative research methodology is being used in the research on this topic on juvenile justice simply shows the deeper angles this research can go. Journals, books and other scholarly articles are use in the support of the opinion formed from the qualitative research method. In many occasions, the qualitative research methodology has to go deep into the problem making it possible for the research to be authentic at all angles. There are the common methods in which the qualitative research methods have to cover like the issue of the group discussions among the members, participation and interviews and this is what makes the research gain more information for its accuracy and findings. The sources use this method in analyzing the situation and knowing how the juvenile justice system came into being and this is the best qualitative research that the topic can have. This leads to the issue of the data collection across the whole research that helps in creating a gap between the researcher and the reader. When using the qualitative analysis methodology in analyzing a situation, it is important to understand that a little size of the participants is needed in order to get the best information from the respondents. The selection of the respondents is important for all the researchers to gain all the information needed to pull through the given topic on juvenile justice. This is important at any given time since it shows the accuracy of the shared information and the manner in which one can access the sources at any given time. The method of getting the sources also facilitates the knowledge and understanding of the applied practices that can be used in a given case. The elaboration of the observations should be detailed and their results analyzed thr ough the issue of the qualitative methodology. Quantitative research also is another methodology that can be used in making of the identified problems in the manner in which the statistics are formed within the research question. This takes the count of the given thoughts, opinions and the citations of the given articles within the books. This makes the authors to be equipped with a lot of information so that the given research topic on the juvenile justice systems can be handled. A great amount of the sample collected within the quantitative research shows the patterns followed in the way of attaining the given information on the research topic. Data that can be measurable within the capacity of the quantitative analysis and the research and this is shown within the sources. The information needed from the sources is of high importance since it gives the research the methodology needed in the collection of the data for the juvenile justice. A good construction of the structure of the collection techniques is of great importance and is used within the quantitative methodology. This is opposed to the given qualitative data collection methods across the research and the study. This is important at any given time since it shows the accuracy of the shared information and the manner in which one can access the sources at any given time. The method of getting the sources also facilitates the knowledge and understanding of the applied practices that can be used in a given case. Therefore, quantitative and the qualitative analysis of the data within the information needed in the juvenile justice system across the globe is important and supplied by the authors. Overall Quality of the Articles In evaluation of the overall quality of the articles presented in this research, it is important to understand that the authors of the articles did a lot of work in collecting the information needed to cover the topic on juvenile justice. Some of the articles show the history of the juvenile justice from the time in which it was created to make sure that youthful offenders are corrected at any given time. On one side, the issue of the sampling of information from the respondents is allowed in the manner that the data collected on the topic is analyzed. In many occasions, the authors had the challenge of collecting the data for the topic and end up having to rely on the history of the juvenile justice across the globe. The authors also have the challenge in using the qualitative methodologies in sampling their data and information in connection to the topic needed. In this situation many of the articles are quality and can be used to authenticate the given information collected. The s hortcomings within which the authors find across the collection of the data is the manner in which they will use the information and portray their idea to the people. Some of the data collected can have some shortcomings and this have influence in the manner in which the authors interpret their findings. Findings in a research are important since they help the readers to understand the outcomes of the whole study and this makes the research to be complete. Without the findings section, the research is not complete at all and this gives effects to the authors who were conducting the research through the articles provided. It is therefore important to know that the sources and authors for each of the articles are quality and can be used in connection to the topic of study. Conclusion In synthesizing the findings for the juvenile justice research, these articles are of highest quality depending on the manner they have been acquired. The determination of this issue simply shows the perfect mode of collection of data that can be achieved within the research. The sources can inform any reader on the manner in which they have come up with the data collected within the research and this is the important thing for the articles across the topic of discussion. This is important at any given time since it shows the accuracy of the shared information and the manner in which one can access the sources at any given time. The method of getting the sources also facilitates the knowledge and understanding of the applied practices that can be used in a given case. In making the decisions on the data collected above, it is advisable for the sources to be of quality and making them transform the findings of the research to suit the topic. Any research findings are important for the study and the authors have done a great work in finding the research information on the juvenile justice systems across the globe. The interpretations of the authors in the research findings should linger with the information collected in the study and this is important in the conclusion of the research. Also, the issue of the potential sampling of the data is important since it shows the manner in which the authors have ensured the aspect of quality and ethical recruitment during the collection of the data at the research center. This is important at the findings since any form of wrong interpretation of the data can be taken the wrong way and this is not acceptable at any given point. in concluding this research synthesis, one has to note that the issue of the juvenile justice systems is discussed well within the research articles provided and it is advisable for the readers to have the best approach to the findings. This approach is needed for the authors to give the correct fin dings all over the globe and analyze the situation at hand on the juvenile justice. References Cooke, L. N., ProQuest Ebooks. (2015). Structure matters: Predicting juvenile justice system behavior (1st ed.). El Paso: LFB Scholarly Publishing. Decker, S. H., Marteache, N., ProQuest Ebooks. (2017;2016;). International handbook of juvenile j ustice (2;2nd;2nd 2017; ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. Doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45090-2 Bazemore, S. G., Schiff, M., ProQuest Ebooks. (2005;2013;). Juvenile justice reform and restorative justice: Building theory and policy from practice. Cullompton;Portland, Or;: Willan. Chvez-Garc? ­a, M., ProQuest Ebooks. (2012). States of delinquency: Race and science in the making of californias juvenile justice system (1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. doi:10.1525/j.ctt1pnjwf Feld, B. C., Bishop, D. M., Oxford University Press. (2012). The oxford handbook of juvenile crime and juvenile justice. Oxford;New York;: Oxford University Press. Ramsay, N. A., Morrison, C. R., ProQuest Ebooks. (2010). Youth violence and juvenile justice: Causes, intervention and treatment programs. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Sherman, F. T., Jacobs, F. H., ProQuest Ebooks. (2011). Juvenile justice: Advancing research, policy, and practice (1. Aufl.;1; ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Mody, S. (2008). Juvenile justice. Childhood Education, 85(2), 106.

The Odyssey, The Presence Of Divine Intervention Essay

Throughout the Odyssey, the presence of divine intervention overwhelmingly shapes the story as a whole. The relationship between humans and gods within the book can be characterized as one that provides humans options, commonly in the form of an omen and according to their choices, will result in a set punishment or appraisal. From an individual’s choices in life and the aforementioned trials, a god or goddess will positively or negatively impact the person’s life. This divine intervention drives people to practice holy acts out of self-interest and fear which reveals that all humans at their base are not altruistic but, selfish and only care for events that will promote their lives. Their faith in or fear of the gods also provide insight on humans’ tendencies to divert blame, and be scared of the unknown. Throughout the Odyssey each and every character serves as a median to demonstrate how the gods intervene in humans’ lives that they either favor or desp ise and according to their subjective views on these people, they will construct their fate. In various encounters throughout the book, Athena, the goddess of wisdom influences the lives of Odysseus’s family in order to improve their fate due to her favoritism for the persistent mariner attempting to return home and respect of his cleverness. Her preference to Odysseus is seen in the beginning of Book 1 stating to her father, Zeus that she is concerned of the whereabouts of Odysseus and pleads for support to deliver himShow MoreRelatedThe Odyssey and Dantes Inferno1300 Words   |  5 Pages The epic tales of The Odyssey and Inferno, respectively, were seemingly written along a parallel train of thought when describing their characters journey, easily engaging the creative functions of the reader with adventurous tales of hope and adventure. Their characters, Odysseus and Dante himself, reflect upon their like and equal struggles in the quest to return home and the help tha t they received along the way that helped them make the return possible. The Odyssey begins far ago when OdysseusRead MoreOdysseus Fate Vs Fate Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagesliterary pieces that involve an element of a supernatural being, a higher power that mortal man cannot compare to. Among those who incorporate this existential reflection into their own written world is Homer, an ancient Greek poet, creator of the Odyssey. Throughout his epic, Homer demonstrates the simultaneous action of both fate and responsibility and the precarious balance that exists between the two in dictating the road of Odysseus, with the gods neither claiming sovereignty nor letting man runRead MoreComparing The Metamorphoses Of Ovid And Homer Essay1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthe various personalities of the gods can be found in Ovid: The Metamorphoses of Ovid and Homer: The essential Homer: Selections from the Iliad and the Odyssey. Although the ways man and the gods communicate and get each other’s attention are different, there are reoccurring and overarching them es such as desire, and loyalty that make each intervention between gods and mortals similar. To begin with the differences, both mortal and immortals have their own way of communicating and getting the attentionRead More Divine Intervention: Athenas Role in The Odyssey Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesDivine intervention is often an integral part of ancient epic poetry as seen in Homers The Odyssey. The role of the goddess Athena was an essential part of Odysseuss journey back to Ithaka. Athena also played a vital part in Telemakhoss life before the return of his father. Even Penelope is impacted by the help of the grey-eyed goddess, often inspiring Penelope to hold off the suitors as well as putting her to sleep when a situation became too difficult. Athena demonstrates that she isRead MoreEssay on The Odyssey Disguise To Find True Identity1225 Words   |  5 PagesThe Odyssey Disguise To Find True Identity Disguise To Find True Identity The Odyssey is an epic that shapes and defines the roles of many great leaders. These leaders are made up of mortals, alive and dead, and immortals. The trip taken by Odysseus is not only a journey of a war hero back to his homeland, but is a journey in all of the characters lives, which develop a better sense of personal identity and selfhood as the epic goes on. It is the many disguises that each character usesRead MoreHeroes Found in the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer767 Words   |  3 Pages In Greek culture it is customary to find a very strong social prototype in society , especially in men, heroes are usually found in every story, such is the case of the literary works of the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer. Homer’s poems reflect the qualities that should be found on men of this stage, these were predominantly heroic values. Is Homer building an ideal world through his poems? Is he writing about the quiet desires of every man and woman of Greece from these times? The idealRead MoreHeroes Are Rare For A Reason1868 Words   |  8 Pagesthat arguably defines the idea of epics in the minds of the Western world. To emerge victorious in their endeavors, these figures wielded arsenals of strong qualities to turn the tides of their unbelievable stories in their favor. In Homer’s The Odyssey, it is undying tenacity, effortless cunning and tempered humility that enable Odysseus to survive his perilous quest, to overcome all adversities to return to his homeland safely and regain his status as king of Ithaca. For a man destined for a decade-longRead More The Underworld as the Key to Living the Greek Life Essay2198 Words   |  9 PagesThe Underworld as the Key to Living the Greek Life Beyond relaying a fantastic journey, featuring a glorified hero who embodies to perfection Greek ideals, Homer uses the epic books of The Odyssey to explore all the nuances of Greek culture. Each part of The Odyssey possesses a purpose beyond detailing popular mythology. Book Eleven’s Underworld becomes the culmination of all the values and ideals that Homer touches on in prior books. Homer uses the underworld as a catchall to reinforce societalRead More Importance of the Telemachy in Developing Major Themes of Odyssey3687 Words   |  15 PagesThe Importance of the Telemachy in Developing Major Themes of Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚   As we begin to read the Odyssey, one of the surprising facts is that we do not meet the famed hero until we are well into Book V, on Calypsos island of Ogygia. However, during these introductory four books, we learn of the situation in Ithaca, Odysseus plight, some of the most important themes of the story and of course Odysseus son Telemachus. Homer keeps us in suspense, building the reputation of Odysseus by theRead MoreExegesis on Exodus 202270 Words   |  10 Pagesthat said, my preceding assumptions predominantly consisted of skepticism towards the religious interpretation of the Old Testament. I believed that Exodus 20 was a prime example of the religious establishment interpreting an ancient text as to be divine. I felt that the Ten Commandments were nothing more then a moral code of antiquity, established as an ethical compass by spiritual leaders in a religious society. Exodus 20 is a hot button topic in today’s polarized political climate. Conservatives

How Do We Understand Integrity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 531 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? Integrity is a term we come across every day,in our personal and business lives too. Surprisingly, integrity is not a word many people take their time to think about how it impacts their everyday decisions. So, what is integrity? In the dictionary, integrity means completeness, soundness, and wholeness. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Do We Understand Integrity?" essay for you Create order In layman terms, it can be defined as the ability to maintain consistency in everything one does. Basically, a person with integrity acts with honesty and adheres to ethical principles when going about his or her duties and responsibilities. Integrity is a quality just like intelligence and courage. As an individual, you can choose to live by this value. By doing so, you define your personality and character. Also, integrity helps you to enhance other values. It is the attribute that supports other values and guides you to live by them. Lets assume you own a car. Ask yourself this, what type of driver are you? Are you the kind of driver who drives aggressively while honking your horn at other drivers and road users? Or are you the type of driver who respects other drivers by driving carefully? I hope you are the latter because the former is more of a jerk and that is not the best way to go through life. Here is another example. You are the founder or co-founder of your company. As a CEO, you have the obligation of steering your company to success. There comes a time when the global economy affects your business. As a result, sales decline and you know what that means reduced profits. In this situation, you are faced with several dilemmas. Should you fire your workers or should you ask them to take a pay cut? Should you communicate the troubles your business is going through or should you not? As a CEO, it is important to communicate to your employees the troubles you are facing. Yes, there is a chance that some employees will abandon ship in search of greener pastures but I guarantee you, the best will stick with you. Want to know why? You were honest. By communicating clearly and frequently, your employees are likely to accept your turnaround plan. This works perfectly for you as it gives you a chance to save your company with the full support of your employees. From the examples above, it is clear that integrity leads to smart decision making. Driving less aggressively eliminates the chances of getting into an accident. Also, it leaves you relaxed. When it comes to business, integrity leads to success and stability. How? A management that communicates clearly and frequently with employees helps to create a stable environment. Even if the company is in trouble, employees will be informed of the problems and even about the turnaround plan. Also, employees get treated fairly. To sum up, integrity is a crucial value that people should cultivate to succeed in their personal and professional lives. If you want to lead a happy and successful life, you need to do and act honestly. This is the same in business. If you conduct your business activities with honesty and trust between you and your employees, achieving success is easy.

The Rwandan Genocide And The Civil War - 1773 Words

Introduction The Rwandan genocide was a period of the Rwandan civil war where the Rwandan armed forces and Hutus killed at least 500 000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus from April 6 to July 15, 1994 (Rwandan Genocide, 2016). Women were particularly victimized and continue to be affected today by the genocide because of the lasting impacts including trauma from sexual violence, suffering from the intentional transmission of HIV, and being forced to bear children of rape (Mullins, 2009, 722; Donovan, 2002, 17; Human Rights Watch, 2006). However, women were granted some restitution through traditional community justice, the Gacaca courts, with some women even holding positions as judges (Ka Hon Chu de Brouwer, 2011, 203; Issifu, 2015, 71).†¦show more content†¦It was not until April 6, 1994 that the official genocide begun when the Rwandan president Habyarimana was assassinated and all Tutsis were ordered to be killed, more than 500 000 of them by the end of the genocide in July 1994 (Powell, 20 15). The genocide ended and a new government was set up when the RPF captured the capital city, Kigali, but still there remains lingering tension in the region today (Powell, 2015). Sexual Violence as a Method of Genocide Sexual violence, including rape and the intentional spreading of HIV, was a common way of perpetrating genocide against Tutsi women. As discussed by Dorris Buss (2009, 145-146), feminists have argued that rape is not just a by-product of violence, but something that is planned and used intentionally as a method of destruction against the enemy. Consequently, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda classed rape as a crime against humanity as it was done with the intention to destroy the Tutsi population because of their racial background (Buss, 2009, 150). Specifically, rape was used to disgrace the Tutsi women’s identity and humiliate Tutsi society more broadly, in addition to creating mixed-race children that would serve as a reminder of their degradation (Mullins, 2009, 722). Mullins expands on this by adding that rape was used as a mechanism to heighten fear and domination over Tutsi women and to terrorize them and their famili es, as their husbands andShow MoreRelatedA Look at the Rwandan Genocide Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pageseconomies. People are suffering and have very little hope. Genocide is the only reason. Everything could have been prevented if genocide didn’t exist. The world basically ignored the genocide and pretended like it never happened because they didn’t want to spend the money. Thousands of people could still be alive if the world stepped up at helped the victims of this horrible crime. Rwanda used to be a peaceful country until the Civil war started. Belgium then took over Rwanda and put the TutsisRead MoreThe Rwanda Of The Rwandan Defence Force904 Words   |  4 PagesCentral Africa continues to experience instability with civil wars; terrorism; ethnic violence and a lack of proper governance. Each conflict has its own individual history, perpetrators, victims and bystanders with difficult answers on how to solve them. The post-genocide nation of Rwanda witnessed one of the most horrific events a nation could experience, genocide. However, it has rebuilt itself to become an example nation for transitional justice, political stability and economic development.Read More Roots of the Rwandan Genocide1739 Words   |  7 PagesOn April 6, 1994, Rwanda experienced a period of great turmoil as thousands of people fell victim to the horrors of the Rwandan genocide. The main targets of the genocide were Tutsis and Hutu moderates. Though the main cause of the genocide was a conflict between two ethnicities, the genocide was also fueled by political factors and social conditions. Rwanda is the smallest sub-Saharan country with a population of about 7 million inhabitants. Although the indigenous peoples of Rwanda are the TwaRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Rwandan Civil War889 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, civilizations have collided because of the many differences. Whatever the differences may be, much can be described as a fault line war. These wars have characteristics of the bloody massacres that are led on by ownership in territory and contain non-governmental groups at the helm of the massacre. Inevitably, these wars result in ethnic cleansing of the weaker group. Kenneth J. Campbell, Associate Professor Emeritus at University of Delaware, claims that â€Å"In 1992, Rwanda’s populationRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Rwandan Civil War887 Words   |  4 PagesCivilizations Throughout history civilizations have collided because of many differences. Whatever the differences may be, much can be described as a fault line war. These wars have characteristics of bloody massacres that are led on by ownership in territory and contain non-governmental groups at the helm of the massacre. Inevitably, these wars result in ethnic cleansing of the weaker group. Kenneth J. Campbell, Associate Professor Emeritus at University of Delaware, claims that â€Å"In 1992, Rwanda’s populationRead MoreHumanitarian Intervention Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesprotect the basic human rights of civilians during civil wars and during crime against humanity. (Humanitarian, 2008) Realism explains that humanitarian intervention came about during the genocide in Bosnia but not in Rwanda because even though it might have been the correct moral action to take, intervention in Rwanda was not in the national interest of other states. Also, there was no humanitarian intervention in the Rwanda genocide because the genocide was not explicitly known about. (Hintjens, 1999)Read MoreAn Inside Look at Rwanda Essays1195 Words   |  5 PagesUganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The country is home to various cultures and languages such as Kinyarwanda (Bantu) and French. Although mostly recovered, the devastation of the 1994 genocide still plagues the country. This included the mass killings of Rwandans led by the political elite name Akazu. The Tutsi’s, one of the two major cultures in Rwanda, population was drastically affected by the horrific event. The demographics of Rwanda as of 2010 are very intriguingRead MoreUNs Failures in Preventing Rwandan Genocide811 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to Aldelman (2005), the Rwanda 1994 genocide was the most disastrous case of mass murder the entire world has ever witnessed since WWII. The genocide resulted from the deliberate choice of a modern elite to foster hatred and fear to keep itself in power. According to Shah, (2006), this was a case of the majority Hutu who comprised 85% of the population turning against the Tutsi minority who made up 12% of the population in order to counter a growing political opposition within Rwanda. TheRead MoreThe Concept of Human Security: A Step Against the Genocide of the Israelis1636 Words   |  7 Pagesthe year 1974 plays a vital role in the development of one of the important concepts ever invented, Humans security, when the US government had successfully formed alliance with the NATO nations and their forces against the German Nazis to stop the genocide of Israelis. With this accomplishment, soon a tension arose between the US government and NATO Administration. This tension mainly arose due to different establishments that were being made by the USA and the Soviet Unions. With this difference,Read MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwanda Genocide was an unfortunate case where thousands of deaths could have been prevented, but because of irresponsibility and selfishness of global governments’ innocent lives were lost. The Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and was, â€Å"initiated by the Hutu political elite and extremists and its military support, their prime targets were the Tutsi, as well as Hutu moderates.† (Hain 2) The Hutu made up majority of the population and government officials and enforced a government-assisted military

Evaluation Of Attachment Theory For Children With...

Overview of attachment theory Attachment theory shows an emotional bond that connects one person to another, in this essay, the theory is explained as how it relates to children with developmental disabilities and their families along with how it is practically applied. This theory was first explained by John Bowlby (1969) who regarded it as the earliest bond needed for survival of the young children. He emphasizes on caregiving relationships to reinforce positive behavior, it is dependent on the ability of the care giver to correctly analyze behavious of the child and respond over time. With children with disabilities, it is seen that they have varying challenges ranging from diagnostic conditions to medical disorders and the parents are†¦show more content†¦With different characteristics it is best to have a secure child. At the beginning Bowbly (1969) ties it to a biological base origin and this has further given researchers to further study this parent-child relationship, he believes that the attachm ent between a child and the caregiver creates a lasting impact over the entire lifetime of both parties. Attachment theory does not only focus on the relationship of the parent to child, but looks at it a dependence on each other, it emphasizes on the emotional, social, cognitive and behavioral components that ultimately reflects developmental changes over a long period of time (Howe 2006). The main point of this theory is that if the primary caregiver is dependable, it helps the child build a sense of security, because the child knows that the care giver is reliable so the child is more open to explore the world. From the beginning at infancy, people around influence how the child behaves, it is an indicator of how other future relationships the child encounters will grow. It is said that in the first year, the most important development is the creation of an attachment bond between a mother and the infant (McConnell Moss, 2011). It is at this stage that the mother responds to the infants actions like crying or ache, if the attachment figure in this case maybe the mother, acts swiftly and promptly, the child feels safe and protected but if the caregiver does not respond appropriately, then theShow MoreRelatedAttachment Theory and Partnership Model797 Words   |  4 PagesDescribe how partnerships with carers are developed and sustained in own work setting A partnership model work around a theory of collaboration, understanding and and communication. It’s a way that helps to recognise how the best outcomes can happen for children when care, development and learning provision/a setting , a cooperatively together. A partnership model looks like this: Identifying needs via a partnership /mullet agency document can happen though the pre CAF assessment check listRead MoreThe Language Of Young Children Essay2069 Words   |  9 Pages The language of young children is behaviour. It is well documented that a secure attachment to a caregiver supports healthy cognitive development in children (Moretti Peled, 2004; Mikulineer, Shaver, Pereg, 2003; Scharf, Oshri, Eshkol, Pilowsky, 2014). This paper will first provide a description of attachment theory covering the key points. It will then provide an example from practice placement at Toogoolawa School where the theory has been applied. Following this a discussion of relevantRead MoreWhat Causes Adhd And How That Might Be Compatible With A Medication Intervention?3573 Words   |  15 Pagesconceptualize the disorder. Proponents of the psychological perspective are divided into two major groups of theories: top-down theories and bottom-up theories. Top down process emphasize some form of cognitive control, while bottom-up process emphasize motivational or energetic factors. For the present discussion, I will focus on top-down theory of ADHD, given that Barkleyâ€℠¢s executive functioning theory is based on the idea of a deficit in rule-governed behavior, or a deficit in executive functioning. BarkleyRead MoreFunctionalist Criminology And Positivist Criminology Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pages Evaluation of Classicism and Positivism are two theories that assess the mind and different approaches to human nature; classicist is a rational act and liberty. This method was industrialized between the 18th and 19th Century, it was created in order to process the criminal justice system and make sure everyone was treated equally (Classical Criminology is connected with Cesare Bonesana , Marchese de Beccaria). Positivism Criminology Is a an theory that is established by the concept of scientificRead MoreFunctional Family Therapy, Differential Response, And Reflective Family Practices1573 Words   |  7 Pagesfollowing systems: behaviorism, and cognitive theory in an integrated approach. When this approach is used the therapist takes the position that all behavior in the family is adaptive. The focus is find out why a behavior exists and is it maintained by other family members. The focus is on cognitions and behavior what the family members are telling themselves about one another and the specific problems that each may notice (Becvar Becvar, 2013). In evaluation to the program they display the theoreticalRead MoreBonding And Attachment Between Mothers And Their Children5089 Words   |  21 PagesIntroduction Bonding or attachment between mothers and their children has been a topic of research for many decades. John Bowlby, a British psychologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst began his work with attachment began in the early 1950 s and continued through 1990. His theories, along with Mary Ainsworth s research, an American-Canadian developmental psychologist, was the basis for Attachment Theory. Ainsworth and Bowlby s collaboration on attachment eventually led to the current classificationRead MoreAbuse: How It Effects Cognitive Development and Prevention Methods3033 Words   |  13 Pagesdisorders, developmental disorders, attachment disorders and PTSD. Patterns of attachment affect the quality of information processing throughout the individual’s life. With this evidence, it is imperative to have programs available that focus on prevention for parents and children. There are outside management courses, substance abuse classes, school based educational programs, required registration of offenders, and background checks. Treatment strategies for children are also important and shouldRead MoreChild Development 0-19 Yrs6074 Words   |  25 PagesTime line of physical and language development of children from 0-19yrs age: The table presents an overview of child development from birth to nineteen years of age. The time frames are averages and children may achieve the developmental milestones earlier or later but still be what is considered ‘normal’. Age ranges: (LO 1.1) |Age range |Physical Development |Language | |0-1 year |VisionRead MoreDiagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders1520 Words   |  7 PagesDiagnostic Autism Spectrum Disorders in Infants and Children Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopment disorder that affects people as young as infancy that can become more evident throughout their childhood. The word Spectrum refers to a wide range of disorders that are closely related through similar symptoms, as it will be explained later in this paper. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders also known as the DSM-5 diagnostic manual, updated the types of disorders listedRead MoreHow Nature and Nurture Affects the Pies in Adolescence and Adulthood4732 Words   |  19 Pagesadolescence. Firstly nature (when inheritance of genes and characteristics are involved) and nurture (when environmental influences and how people are brought up) can both affect a person’s development. In this evaluation I am going to evaluate how the nature affects the PIES at infancy and what theories are behind them. Secondly how the nurture can affect the PIES in infancy. Then I will go on to evaluate how the nature can affect the PIES in adolescence and then how the nurture can affect the PIES in adolescence

How far does this play and its drama illustrate the truth of this statement Essay Example For Students

How far does this play and its drama illustrate the truth of this statement? Essay Basically, the play is said to be partly about classicism versus romanticism. But actually, by studying these two aspects with more precision, we end up noticing that one cannot exist without the other, and that there is a relationship between the two. And this is the dichotomy in which Stoppard is interested. The classical and the romantic are introduced in the third scene of the play, through landscape and architecture. It is while Lady Croom is talking about her garden, designed by Capability Brown, a famous classical landscape gardener, that Hannah states in the next scene that â€Å"English landscape was invented by English gardeners imitating foreign painters who were evoking classical authors†. But the Coverly family’s garden is about to be changed into a romantic style (even gothic style: â€Å"everything but the vampires†). It is through the argument taking place between Lady Croom and Mr Noakes about the changes being made to the garden, that the striking difference between the tidiness and the order of the classic style and the strong and gothic appearance of the romantic style is shown. We meet this theme in Hannah’s search for poetic meanings behind the hermit of Sidley Park, what she actually exclaims with passion to Bernard in her famous diatribe. In this speech and shortly after, Hannah establishes herself as the intellectual and emotional centre of Arcadia’s modern story. Talking to Bernard, who doesn’t listen to her, she warns him about reaching conclusions as the ones he made about her book in a review. But he won’t hear that either. In fact, the reason why Hannah decides to write about the hermit of Sidley Park is to study more thoroughly romanticism. Because it is logical and concrete, Hannah prefers the Enlightenment to Romanticism, just as Lady Croom. She consid ers the Enlightenment as a time of great progress, but still with romanticism taking all the progress away in her mind, as a â€Å"decline from thinking to feeling†; she sees in Romanticism excesses and irrationality, both represented by the hermit. In her speech, Hannah talks about â€Å"the whole romantic sham†. Romanticism is the result of classicism which has been mutated into the Enlightenment. The classical order believed the world was ordered and was governed by rules that could be slowly uncovered. Whereas the romantics believed humanity was being imprisoned in these, as well as sought to ruin all rules concerning individual creativity; for them, people make up their own rules as they go along, and every man is an artist; there isn’t any order other than the one you make up. So while Hannah’s speech makes us clearly understand that she would at any time choose to think if she had to choose between thinking or feeling, Bernard on his side, more suspicious of her purposes, replies that she seems â€Å"quite sentimental over geometry† (p.40). So while Bernard is more of a romantic, because he follows his gut instinct and intuition: â€Å"Ill tell you your problem. No guts.†, and cumulates sex affairs, his gut feelings are strongly mistrusted by Hannah, who seems to go through an evolution from the classic to the romantic character, because she descends in the last scene into romanticism when she accepts and dances with Gus. The motif of the garden is actually one of the most apparent motifs used by Stoppard to represent romanticism and classicism throughout Arcadia. Indeed, it lets us explore the differences between the classical and the romantic characters, including especially Hannah, Bernard, Thomasina, Lady Croom, and Septimus. The gradual transformation of the garden becomes more significant when we relate it to the play’s characters and the evolution and development of some of them. .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .postImageUrl , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:hover , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:visited , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:active { border:0!important; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:active , .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce69f53f510fc90424627d954932389a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Time As A Determinate Of Final Product In A Dehydration Reaction EssayFor instance, we can see in Thomasina both romanticism and classicism: at first she’s interested in science –she insists that Newton’s laws of motion can explain life : â€Å"If you could stop every alarm atom in its positions and direction, and if your mind could comprehend all the actions thus suspended, then if you were really, really good at algebra you could write the formula for all the future†, which is very classical–, but by the end wants to discover and learn things in which girls of her age are interested in –that is dancing, waltzing, kissing– which is more romantic. Septimus is also a character affected by classicism and romanticism: he teaches mathematics, he is a man of science, and refuses to see Thomasina in her bedroom, but prefers to have affairs with different women. So through his play, Stoppard ensures that the characters develop, but the entire piece as well. Indeed, the development of science and scientific thinking, one of the main themes of Arcadia, follows a similar transformation: it begins with the belief that Newton’s laws and relativity explain everything (i.e. classicism), and ends up reminding us that while these theories work for the entire universe, everything in between and through this is chaotic and unpredictable, just as romanticism. In Arcadia, it isn’t simply a story about the classical and the romantic, but a story consisting of both of these ideas, and classicism wouldn’t be what it is without romanticism.

Project Plan Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Project Plan for Project Management? Answer: The project plan of the Liverpool music festival has been classified into the following 8 stages; planning, budgeting, designing, marketing, location, safety, testing and delivery and post festival. The following table provides the justification for the inclusion of these phases in the Gant Chart tool. Stages Reason for have in it in the Gantt Charts tool. Planning stage The project planning phase is the second phase of the project lifecycle: this particular phase is essential as it provides the project team with the scope for making plans that would be used in executing the entire project. The planning phase has been included in the Gantt Chart tool in order to make provide the project team with the scope to perform the following activities: a. Setting out the budget of the entire project. b. Setting out the plans for the venue and the time frame at which the Liverpool music festival would be held. c. Making arrangements for obtaining the licenses required for the festival. d. Communicating with the sponsor of the project. e. Making arrangements for renting the venue. f. Identifying the risks associated with the project and devising the plans for the management of the risks. Budget stage. The budget stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Determining the legal fees required for conducting the project. b. Determining the salaries that need to be paid to the project team. Design stage The design stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. designing the venue b. designing the structure that would be used for conducting the festival c. Collaborating the entire design Marketing stage The marketing stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making marketing plans b. Advertising the project LMF Location stage The LMF Location stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making consultations b. Providing permissions for conducting the festival c. Preparing the ground and the arts d. Ensuring the capacity and quality of the preparations being made Safety stage The Safety stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making arrangement for mitigating health and safety risks associated with the festival. b. Communicating with the government agencies to make arrangement for police protection and ambulance services. c. Making arrangements for insurance. Test and delivery stage. The Test and delivery stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Testing the arrangements before the festival is held. b. Handing over the arrangements to the festival committee. Post festival stage The Post festival stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Cleaning up the ground or venue that was rented for conducting the festival. b. Collecting reviews from the sponsors of the project. Bibliography Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Phillips, J., 2013.PMP, Project Management Professional (Certification Study Guides). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. Teller, J., Kock, A. and Gemnden, H.G., 2014. Risk management in project portfolios is more than managing project risks: a contingency perspective on risk management.Project Management Journal,45(4), pp.67-80. Turner, J.R., 2014.The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). McGraw-hill.

Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking Essay Example

Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Essay on the Studies of Elinor Keenan and Basso about the Rules of Speaking What Rules Of Speaking In These Two Cultures Are Different From Those In â€Å"Mainstream† American Culture (Or The Ones You Are Used To)? Keenan’s ethnography of the Malagasy-speaking people of Madagascar and Basso’s ethnography of Western Apache societies reveal some similarities and differences with mainstream American culture. Unlike American English that is subject first verb final in its syntax, Malagasy is a verb first subject final language. The Malagasy language directly employs sets of French terms in its communication unlike American English that does not directly infuse French in its communication apart from some nouns known to have French origin. In the Malagasy-speaking people’s culture, there is censuring when a person acts in violation of expected behavior. Censuring is stern to the extent of cutting off some violators from the village. This is unlike mainstream American culture where all people are accommodated despite their mistakes before issuing such stern penalties. Unlike in Malagasy, where one asks by alluding, in American English, one asks directly. In speaking Malagasy, women speak explicitly to each other while men speak to each other respectfully in an alluding manner. This is different from American culture where both women and men are expected to converse respectfully. Basso observes that unlike in Western Apache culture where it is encouraged that people keep quiet upon meeting strangers, in the American culture it is allowed that one talks to strangers to some extent. Unlike in American culture where verbal communication is most important during courting, in Western Apache culture, couples do not verbally communicate while courting. What Rules Of Speaking In These Two Cultures Are Similar To Those In â€Å"Mainstream† American Culture (Or The Ones You Are Used To)? Like the American mainstream English, that has formal and informal modes of English, Malagasy has two modes of speech. In Malagasy, there is a mode of speech for everyday speaking and a set of speech for ceremonial situations and highly stylized speech that constitutes formal language. In both of these societies, the rules for the use of speech are expected to be followed. In both cultures also, non-confrontation is encouraged and disputes are resolved by an invited third party known to both disagreeing sides. In both languages, there is the use of additional figures of speech such as metaphors and similes. Proverbs are also extensively used in speech. Allusion is widely used in both cultures. Use of explicit terms is also discouraged. In both languages, indirectness in speech is called for, and affront is avoided in situations where respect is required. In both Western Apache and mainstream American culture though, it is advised that people keep quiet or talk less when mourning the death of a close person. How Research like Keenan’s and Basso’s Help Us Understand and Avoid Intercultural Miscommunication Findings of such research help people accept the norms of other cultures. Upon understanding reasons why Western Apache societies refrain from speech for example, people from other cultures will know when to talk and when to keep quiet when communicating with them. Also, upon reading Keenan’s findings, we know the type of behavior to expect from Western Apache societies. Such research opens people’s eyes to the realities of other cultures that are beyond their own. Keenan’s research teaches the Vakinankaratra language to some extent. Such knowledge guards society from disregard for other people’s culture and communication barriers while conversing with them.

How To Make Your High School Essay Comedy-Filled With Satire

How To Make Your High School Essay Comedy-Filled With SatireThough the topic of satire can be used to depict a specific viewpoint, it can also be applied to spoof related essays. The best way to use this tool for high school essays is to create a piece that is crafted to go beyond what is normal and possibly offend some individuals or groups. This type of essay will show a new perspective to the reader and should at least strike the interest of many.Sophomores and juniors in high school have to be familiar with various ways to demonstrate their knowledge to people. They can always use an argumentative essay in which they review facts about a particular topic that are already well known to the audience. They can also present information about topics that are not always on the map.For a satirical essay, this is a common technique. It can be a simple satire of a particular matter or it can be a piece that paints a completely different picture of events. This is important because the tar get audience may not realize that there is satire going on. When students use this technique, they allow their audience to keep up with the story and read the piece as a positive, even if the facts may not appear correct.Another way to make sure that students use satirical essay topics is to provide examples that are untrue. In this way, the readers will appreciate the honest opinion that the writer has while still having their mind blown about the information that was presented. This will be a great way to show the readers that the writer is concerned about the subject matter.Many students find the topic of satire as a tool for essay topics interesting. They may use this technique to argue for their opinion, create their own facts or work around certain rules that are used in an essay. The student may also use this topic to point out the absurdity of certain things that are happening in our world and to enlighten their classmates about current events.The purpose of this topic is to show a special point of view, so it is important that the writer knows how to express their opinion. They also need to be able to keep in mind that no matter how truthful the facts are, it may still be unfair to the ideas they are presenting. If they are simply presenting the facts, they should make sure that they are presented in such a way that everyone understands their piece.Satire is used to highlight a difference between two opposing ideas. The opposing views should have substance that makes them distinguishable and the idea that creating comedy. The topics can also be presented in an essay in general terms and have certain people's reaction.When writing about a controversial topic, it is important that the writers keep in mind that there are some truth and sometimes exaggeration. It is also important that the writers understand that making fun of something that is very serious can also be a form of art. Students can write a satirical essay in order to be different and create a fun piece of work that is meant to enlighten others.

Free Essays on Bipolar

The history of bipolar disorder itself is over 2000 years old. "Bipolar Illness, or manic depressive disorder, is an ancient disease with descriptions appearing in the biblical Old Testament and in writings from ancient Greece"(El-Mallakh 775). In the last few years, doctors find the probable cause of bipolar disorder is an inherited lack of stability in nerve impulse transmission in the brain. This biochemical brain problem causes people with bipolar disorder to be more susceptible to physical and emotional stresses. Researchers have found several genes that could be linked to the disorder. This may explain why bipolar disorder seems to run in families. Bipolar itself means "two poles" as it is characterized by mood swings. The manic episode begins with increased energy, creativity, and social ease that can easily go into uncontrollable anger, agitation, and feelings of being irritable. The other side of the pole, depression, is a lack of energy, feeling sad, worthlessness, and thoughts of suicide. These mood swings are totally unrelated to things going on in the person's life. Bipolar disorder affects close to 1% of the population of the United States. "As many as one-fifth of the 3 million people in the United States who develop bipolar disorder eventually find the emotional ride intolerable and kill themselves"(Bower 232). "Suicide is, in fact, the second major cause of death worldwide in women between the ages of 15 and 44. Almost all of these suicides are connected to mental illness, and most mental illnesses are treatable"(Jamison 80). People with bipolar disorder experience depressive episodes consisting of sadness, low energy, worthlessness, and suicidal thoughts alternating with manic episodes of euphoria, inflated self-esteem, and high energy levels. This disorder with its mood swings can permanently disable people, and without treatment, one out of five commit suicide. Many people with bipolar disorder are very intelligen... Free Essays on Bipolar Free Essays on Bipolar Bipolar disorder is perhaps one of the most tragic mood disorders, because it virtually taunts with the affected person’s mind. Bipolar disorder, which is also known as manic-depressive disorder, is a mental condition in which the person alternates between feelings of mania and depression. The occurrence of bipolar disorder has been a mystery since the sixteenth century. History has show that this affliction can appear in almost anyone. Even the great painter Vincent Van Gogh is believed to have suffered from the disease. It is clear that in our society many people live with this disorder, however, we are still waiting for a definite explanation for the causes and a cure. One thing is certain about bipolar disorder; it severely undermines its victim’s ability to maintain social and occupational success in life. Because bipolar disorder has such debilitating symptoms, it is crucial that we remain watchful in the search for answers about its causes and treatments available. Bipolar disorder affects approximately one percent of the population (approximately three million people) in the United States. It occurs in both males and females. Bipolar disorder involves episodes of mania and depression. These episodes may alternate with profound depressions characterized by a pervasive sadness, almost inability to move, hopelessness, and disturbances in appetite, sleep, and concentrations and driving. Bipolar disorder is diagnosed if an episode of mania occurs whether depression has been diagnosed or not (Goodwin, Guze, 1989, p 11). Most commonly, individuals with manic episodes experience a period of depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by a great deal of symptoms that can be broken down into two categories: manic and depressive episodes. The manic episodes are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, a decrease in a need for sleep, poor judgment and insight, and often reckless and irresp... Free Essays on Bipolar By: Anonymous Childhood-Onset Bipolar Disorder Childhood Onset Bipolar Disorder (COBPD) is one of the most debilitating mental disorders affecting children today. Bipolar Disorder is a mood disorder usually affecting adults that causes sometimes severe changes in mood. Childhood Onset Bipolar disorder is just what it sounds like, a bipolar disorder that occurs during childhood. Persons suffering from a bipolar disorder experience mood swings ranging from depression to mania. During a depressive episode patients can experience feelings of extreme hopelessness or sadness, inability to concentrate and trouble sleeping. Symptoms of mania include rapidly changing ideas, exaggerated cheerfulness and excessive physical activity. Hypomanic symptoms are the same as in mania, however, they are not so severe as to require hospitalization. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) outlines the diagnostic criteria for mood disorders. According to the DSM-IV, a per son must have at least 5 of the following symptoms during the same 2 week period to qualify as a major depressive episode: a depressed mood lasting most of the day for several days; a significant weight gain or weight loss; a loss of interest in activities; difficulty sleeping (insomnia) or an increased need for sleep (hypersomnia); restlessness or slowed pace observable by others; daily fatigue; feelings of guilt or worthlessness; inability to concentrate; or recurrent thoughts of death. These symptoms can only be diagnosed as a depressed episode if they are not better explained by grief, effects of a drug, or a medical condition. The person experiencing these symptoms must, also report an interference in their daily functioning because of the symptoms. Finally, the person’s symptoms do not meet the criteria for a mixed state. The criteria for a mixed episode state that the person must display symptoms of depression and mania every day... Free Essays on Bipolar bipolar disorder Determining Bipolar Disorder in children is harder then adults because of the mistakes doctor’s make in their diagnosis. All kids have mood swings- is it Bipolar Disorder? Psychologists of today are having problems diagnosing children with Bipolar Disorder because the symptoms are so different from the adult form of the disorder. In children Bipolar Disorder is called â€Å"Child Onset Bipolar Disorder†, known as COBPD (My Child 1). In children the cycling from highs to lows are very fast. Children will cycle between mania and depression many times a day. The episodes of mania or depression are short and rarely go on for more then a day at a time (Childhood 1). Children have longer periods of normal behavior between episodes then adults (Bipolar I Disorder 1). This rapid cycling is called â€Å"ultra-ultra rapid cycling† (My Child 1). â€Å"Ultra-ultra rapid cycling† is mostly associated with the low states in the morning, and then followed by the afternoo n and evening with a high increase in energy (Frequently Asked Questions 1). Children usually have continuous mood changes that are mixes of mania and depression (Sutphen 1). In adult Bipolar Disorder, it is called â€Å"Bipolar Affective Disorder†, known as manic depressive illness (My Child 1). For adults the change from manic to depressed can take months. They often have periods of normal behavior in between their episodes of mania and depression (Bipolar 1). Bipolar Disorder is a biochemical imbalance that causes major mood changes from the highs of mania, to the very lows of depression (My Child 1). Doctors say â€Å"What goes up must come down† with the highs and lows of this disorder, but the cycles are very unpredictable and vary in Determining Bipolar Disorder in children is harder then adults because of the mistakes doctor’s make in their diagnosis. length. The times of depression and mania stages are not equal in time (Basic Terminology 1). In childre n o... Free Essays on Bipolar The history of bipolar disorder itself is over 2000 years old. "Bipolar Illness, or manic depressive disorder, is an ancient disease with descriptions appearing in the biblical Old Testament and in writings from ancient Greece"(El-Mallakh 775). In the last few years, doctors find the probable cause of bipolar disorder is an inherited lack of stability in nerve impulse transmission in the brain. This biochemical brain problem causes people with bipolar disorder to be more susceptible to physical and emotional stresses. Researchers have found several genes that could be linked to the disorder. This may explain why bipolar disorder seems to run in families. Bipolar itself means "two poles" as it is characterized by mood swings. The manic episode begins with increased energy, creativity, and social ease that can easily go into uncontrollable anger, agitation, and feelings of being irritable. The other side of the pole, depression, is a lack of energy, feeling sad, worthlessness, and thoughts of suicide. These mood swings are totally unrelated to things going on in the person's life. Bipolar disorder affects close to 1% of the population of the United States. "As many as one-fifth of the 3 million people in the United States who develop bipolar disorder eventually find the emotional ride intolerable and kill themselves"(Bower 232). "Suicide is, in fact, the second major cause of death worldwide in women between the ages of 15 and 44. Almost all of these suicides are connected to mental illness, and most mental illnesses are treatable"(Jamison 80). People with bipolar disorder experience depressive episodes consisting of sadness, low energy, worthlessness, and suicidal thoughts alternating with manic episodes of euphoria, inflated self-esteem, and high energy levels. This disorder with its mood swings can permanently disable people, and without treatment, one out of five commit suicide. Many people with bipolar disorder are very intelligen...

Champion Services, Inc. - Software Development Proposal Essay -- Busines

Champion Services, Inc., like all other companies, desires to be the best. When it comes to delivering high quality programming and service to the people of the northwest United States, Champion Services, Inc. feels that there is no one better. Champion Services, Inc. currently provides a basic Internet portal for its customers. This portal provides basic information and the ability to request more information by automating an email message. The portal provides no customer account information and provides no transactional capabilities. Champion Services, Inc. has decided to provide to its customers a fully functional Internet portal. This portal will be fully secured and require the customer to enter a username and password to gain access. The Internet portal will allow the customer to review and pay any outstanding balance, review account history, and modify their current service by selecting from various programming packages. Champion Services, Inc. has tasked the proposal team with drafting a preliminary proposal that meets the company's desired needs. The proposal team will identify the software development and administration issues currently facing the company, identify possible alternatives for developing the new application, recommend a course of action, and justify that recommendation. To help Champion Services, Inc. understand what it needs to meet the stated goals, it is important to identify the issues the company currently faces. To successfully develop the new Internet portal application for its customers, Champion Services, Inc. must address three main issues. These areas of concern include the current network infrastructure, the skills and e... ... middle of paper ... ... for developing the new application, recommended a course of action, and justified that recommendation. The proposal team suggests the use of PHP and MySQL to build the new customer Internet portal application. Both of these technologies provide Champion Services, Inc. with the flexibility and scalability to take the customer experience to a higher level of quality. Reference Page The PHP Group (2006). PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. Retrieved August 19, 2006, from http://www.php.net/. University of Rhode Island (2005). What is MySQL? Retrieved August 19, 2006, from http://www.uri.edu/home/help/www/mysql.html. The Trustees of Indiana University (2006). What is Java? Retrieved August 19, 2006, from http://kb.iu.edu/data/acwo.html. Refsnes Data (2006). ASP.NET Introduction. Retrieved August 19, 2006, from http://www.w3schools.com/aspnet/aspnet_intro.asp.

An Outline and Annotated Bibliography for the Final Persuasive Essay - 1

An Outline and Annotated Bibliography for the Final Persuasive Research - Essay Example Parker-Pope, T. (2010, June 6). An Ugly Toll of Technology: Impatience and Forgetfulness.  The New York Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/07/technology/07brainside.html?ref=yourbrainoncomp&_r=0. The article is a well written description of the adverse affects that are being produced as a result of excessive dependence and addiction to technology. The writer gives an intelligent overview of how the personalities of individuals transform as a result of excessive dependence. He also points out how these shifts in personalities go un attended. Shelly, G. B., Vermaat, M., Quasney, J. J., Sebok, S. L., & Freund, S. M. (2012).Discovering computers: Your interactive guide to the digital world : complete. Australia: Course Technology, Cengage Learning. This book, written by multiple authors, provides an interactive view of the digital world human society has turned into. For a novice and for those still virtually living in the stone ages, this book provides a very interesting preview of the components of this digital world and the pros and cons associated with it. The readings in this book were particularly helpful in assessing the terminology of technology overload. It also provided an insight into certain issues that have emerged with the prevalence of technology and also ponders upon their eradication. This book was particularly helpful in asserting the point of view established by reading the first referenced article. A work of multiple authors intelligently put together, the book is appealing and explains its point of view well. The paper highlights the introduction of a particular technology broadband into a firm and previews its affects upon the organizational structure. It also discusses the economic aspects associated with the introduction of technology within a firm with special reference to

Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that CVP Analysis is even recognized as the cost-volume-profit analysis, which is an accounting technique that helps entrepreneurs in making a decision regarding their businesses. This essay discusses that the analysis helps entrepreneurs in identifying the breakeven point or the point at which their sales and expenditure will be equal to each other. This, in turn, helps a new startup in identifying the number of units it should sell in order to meet the minimum expenditure and investment it had made in the business. It will help them in identifying the time period around which the business might start making profits. Identifying the time period when the business might start making a profit is essential for a new business as a new business does not start making profits as soon as it starts functioning. Identifying the time period helps businesses remain focused and change their strategies accordingly to meet the profitability timeline. The present research has identified that the analysis even provides information regarding the number of goods and services that will be needed to produce goods and services. This can be used by new entrepreneurs in reducing their future input costs of production. This even helps the entrepreneur in identifying how certain changes in the variable or the fixed cost can reduce or increase the cost of production of various goods as well as services.

Gaia: Argument over a single word Essay -- Essays Papers

Gaia: Argument over a single word THESIS: Life on earth has been considered by some as a purposeful interaction tending toward ecological stability. However, when the scientific community led by James Lovelock tried to match this concept with science, it was (and continues to be) a dilemma. Introduction Whenever one hears the word Gaia, he or she will also hear life, goddess, purpose, ecology, and undoubtedly controversy. Not many topics have provoked more controversy among the scientific community than the idea that the atmosphere, biosphere, and its living organisms behave as a single system, striving to maintain a stability that is conducive to the existence of life—the so-called Gaia theory or Gaia hypothesis. The main controversy lies in the fact that the name Gaia comes from an ancient Greek goddess (Mother Earth). Since Gaia’s origins, it seems as if she was the most venerated among the Greek gods: "Free of birth or destruction, of time or space, form or condition, is the Void. From the eternal Void, Gaia danced forth and rolled herself into a spinning ball. She molded mountains along her spine, valleys in the hollows of her flesh. Unceasingly the Earth Mother manifested gifts on her surface and accepted the death into her body. In return, she was revered by all mortals. From within the darkness of her secrets, Gaia received their gifts" (Spretnak 47-48). The powerful magnet of the theory is that Gaia is a simple four-letter word that implies feminism and ecology, two aspects that do not fit in rational science. Had the proponents called the theory "A cybernetic system with homeostatic tendencies as detected by chemical anomalies in the earth’s atmosphere—as Lovelock intended to call it," the idea may not ha... ...cated matters (as Gaia) throughout history, and the human race has been able to decide whether or not using them is a good technique. There are truths to be discovered and ways of explaining them to be deployed. "Humans are not the center of the universe. Nor is any other species." Lynn Margulis Works Cited Bjornerud Marcia. "Gaia-Gender and Scientific Representations of the Earth [Part 1 of 2]" {Contemporary Women's Database} Sep. 1997: 96-106. Linden, Eugene. "Ideas: How the Earth Maintains Life an Intriguing Scientific Theory Continues to Win Adherents." {Time} 13 Nov. 1989: 114. Lutzenberg, Jose. "Gaia's Fever." {The Ecologist} Mar.-Apr. 1999: 59. Margulis, Lynn. "Life on Earth Doesn't Need Us." {Independent} 02 Sep. 1998: 5. Spretnak, Charlene. {Lost Goddesses of Early Greece: A Collection of Pre-Hellenic Myths}. Boston: Beacon Press, 1984.

Shoulder Muscle Acromioclavicular Joint Injury Health And Social Care Essay

Acromioclavicular joint hurt are common among immature active persons. Stability of this shoulder complex compose of musculus ( deltoid and cowl muscle ) , ligament ( acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ) and acromioclavicular articulation capsule. Clinical and radiographic scrutinies are important to name this hurt. Non operative intervention is indicated for type I and II hurt. Surgical intervention is indicated for type IV, V and VI hurt. Treatment for type III hurt are still controversy. Method of intervention autumn into 3 classs: arrested development of acromioclavicular articulation, arrested development of coracoclavicular articulation and ligament Reconstruction. Tendencies of intervention goes to minimal invasive anatomic acromioclavicular articulation Reconstruction. Cardinal words: acromioclavicular, coracoclavicular Acromioclavicular ( AC ) joint hurt represents 40-50 % of shoulder injury.1 Some facets of intervention options between conservative and surgery are still controversy2. Categorization by Tossy3 and Allman4 in 1960 was modify by Rockwood5 in 1989. Recently, minimum invasive surgical intervention tends to acquire more popularity.Anatomy and biomechanicsThe AC articulation is a diathrodial articulation located between distal terminal of collarbone and median boundary line of acromial process procedure of the scapular. Inclination of joint possibly about perpendicular or may be inclined from downward medially with collarbone overruling acromial process by the angle of 50 grades. Articular surface of collarbone overrides the articular surface of acromial process about 50 % of the clip. Fibrocartilagenous intra-articular disc are divide in 2 types: complete and partial ( meniscoid ) . Meniscus become degenerated and reached non-functional province at 4th decennary. Nerve supply to the AC a rticulation is from alar, suprascapular and sidelong thoracic nervousnesss. The dynamic stabilizers to the AC joint compose of anterior part of deltoid musculus which provide suspensory support and the upper part of trapezius musculus. In the presence of break of the AC and CC ligament, the importance of these musculus increased. AC articulation is surrounded by a thin capsule and reinforced by superior, inferior, anterior and posterior AC ligaments. These construction preponderantly control horizontal gesture of the collarbone. Posterosuperior capsule is the construction to forestall posterior interlingual rendition of the clavicle6. Distal collarbone resection up to 1 centimeter may rendered the stableness of the AC articulation by addition buttocks interlingual rendition up to 32 % . The coracoclavicular ( CC ) ligament is a really strong heavy ligament which run from the outer inferior surface of the collarbone to the base of the coracoid procedure. The CC ligament has two constituents: cone and trapezoid ligaments. Average distance between the collarbone and the coracoid procedure is 1.3 centimeter ( CC interspace ) and the mean distance from the sidelong terminal of the collarbone to the most sidelong extent to trapezoid ligament was 1.53 centimeter. Clavicle rotate about 40-50 grade through longitudinal axis during full abduction but existent gesture of the collarbone is 5-8 degree relation to the acromial process because of the downward rotary motion of the shoulder blade ( synchronal scapuloclavicular rotary motion ) . The CC ligament is responsible in ordering scapulothoracic gesture. The primary map of the CC ligament is the premier suspensory ligament of the upper appendage.Mechanism of hurtAn acute hurt to the AC articulation can be devided in two class: direct and indirect mechanism. Direct hurt is produced by patient falling onto the point of the shoulder with the arm at the side in adducted place. This mechanism is likely the most common cause of AC joint hurt. The force thrust the acromial process downward and medially. If no break occurs, the force foremost sprained the AC ligament, so AC tear, CC tear and eventually rupture the deltoid and trapezius musculus. Indirect force, which are far less common, generated by a autumn on outstretch arm with superior directed force. The force are transmitted to the AC articulation instead than CC ligament.CategorizationAC articulation are classified harmonizing to the extent of harm by the grade of force. Injury to the AC articulation are graded harmonizing to the sum of hurt to the AC and CC ligament. Allman4 and Tossy and colleague3 differentiate AC disruption into 3 types depending on the intregity of the AC and CC ligaments. Rockwood5 added type IV, V and VI AC disruption to the original categorization strategy. Type I injury: Sprain of the acromioclavicular ligament Integral acromioclavicular articulation, coracoclavicular ligament, deltoid and cowl muscle No seeable malformation, no stamp over CC interspace Minimal puffiness and stamp over AC articulation Type II hurt: Disrupt acromioclavicular ligament ( widening both AC and CC interspace ) Sprain of the coracoclavicular ligament Integral deltoid and cowl muscle Type III hurt: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Dislocate AC articulation and increase CC distance ( 25-100 % of normal shoulder ) Type III discrepancies: Fracture coracoids procedure Physeal hurt Pseudodislocation ( integral periosteal arm ) Type Four: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Clavicle is displaced posteiorly into or through trapezius musculus CC interspace may look integral Type Volt: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached AC joint grossly dislocated superiorly Markly addition CC distance ( 100-300 % of normal shoulder ) Type Six: Disrupt both acromioclavicular and Coracoclavicular ligament Deltoid and trapezius musculus normally detached Acromion is displaced inferior to acromial process or coracoid procedure As a consequence of hyperabduction and external rotary motionDiagnosisDuring physical scrutiny, patient should be in a standing or sitting place without limb support to the injured arm. The weight of the arm will do the malformation more evident. Findingss on physical scrutiny are related to the badness of the hurt. Local puffiness, malformation, bruise, ecchymosis possibly seen. Trouble with arm gesture every bit good as localized tenderness over the AC articulation and CC interspace can be noted. Pain is frequently accentuated by abduction and cross organic structure adduction. Oaa‚Â ¬a„?Brien active compaction trial may be positive. In the subacute stage, perpendicular and horizontal stableness of the AC articulation should be tested. By stabilising the collarbone and placing and upward force under the ipsilateral cubitus. Once the AC articulation is reduced, hold on the collarbone with index and pollex and effort to interpret the collarbone anteriorly and posteriorly to entree horizontal stableness. Sternoclavicular articulation should ever exam for associated anterior disruption. Besides the neurological position of the affected appendage should be evaluated to govern out a brachial rete hurt.Radiographic ratingStandard radiogram are indispensable to name and sort AC joint hurt. Routine radiogram for AC joint requires one tierce to one half the x-ray incursion needed for everyday glenohumeral radiogram. Everyday radiogram include true anterioroposterior and alar sidelong position. Additionally Zanca positions ( 10o-15o cephalic joust ) is utile when little break or loose organic structure is suspected on the everyday position. Comparative radiogram of the uninjured might be needed to the normal CC distance and the comparative normal place of the normal collarbone. Stress position is utile to prove the unity of the CC ligament and should be performed when AC disruption is suspected ( differentiate between type II and type III hurts ) . Coracoid break should ever be suspected when face with AC disruption with the presence of normal CC distance. Axillary position can show break coracoid. If fracture coracoid is suspected on the alar position, Stryker notch position will about ever show this pathology.TreatmentNonsurgicalMost writers suggested that nonsurgical intervention are indicated in type I and type II hurts. Many methods of decrease and immobilisation such as sling, plaster dramatis personae, adhesive tape strapping, brace, harnesses and grip techniques are proposed. Urist 7 reviewd the literature and summarized more than 35 signifiers of non-operative direction. A period of immobilisation is needed to relieve the emphasis to both AC and CC ligament. Type I injury can be treated utilizing simple catapulting 7-10 yearss or until hurting subsided. Type II require longer clip for immobilisation ( normally 10-14 yearss ) . Once hurting has subsided, gradual rehabilitation plan is started get downing with inactive o r active aided scope of gesture exercising. After full painless ROM is achieved, isometric beef uping plan is begun. Contact athletics should be avoid for 2-3 months to avoid farther hurt to the shoulder. The most controversial issue is the intervention of type III hurt. Several surveies have demonstrated long term disablement and hurting with non-operative intervention. Bannister et al2 conducted a randomized, prospective, controlled test comparing surgical intervention of AC joint hurt type III and V utilizing CC prison guards versus catapulting immobilisation ( 2 hebdomads ) . Following with the same rehabilitation plan. Patient with AC supplanting less than 2 centimeter had better consequence with nonsurgical intervention. In terrible AC joint hurt ( AC displacement more than 2 centimeter ) , 20 % had good consequence with non-operative intervention while 70 % in the surgical group had good to first-class consequence. In contrast, meta-analysis by Phillips8 demonstrated that consequence of operative and non-operative groups of type III hurt are similar in the facet of patient return to work, strength and scope of gesture but found higher complication rate in the operative group. The cardinal success of non-operative intervention is appropriate rehabilitation plan. The active rehabilitation plan focal point on deriving strength of shoulder girdle musculus including deltoid, cowl muscle, sternocleido mastoideus, periscapular stabilizer and rotator turnup musculus. After hurt, the shoulder is immobilized with arm sling for 2 hebdomads. Cold compaction can be apply to cut down hurting and puffiness. Active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is initiate after hurting resolved. In this stage frontward flexure should non transcend 90 degree and raising weight more than 5 pounds. should be prohibited. At 8 hebdomads, full active gesture and initial resistive exercising should be started. Patient can return to work and full athletics activity at 12 hebdomads.Surgical interventionRelative indicant for surgery in acute AC joint hurt is immature grownup with high demand athletics or labour worker. In chronic type III AC joint hurt, hurting and instability may bespeak surgical intercession. Acute type IV, V and VI disruption wholly required surgical intercession. Still there is no consensus which technique is the best. Surgical intercession are categorized into 3 groups: arrested development of the AC articulation, arrested development between coracoids procedure and the collarbone and ligament Reconstruction and dynamic musculus transportation. Today most surgeon usage combinations of processs to accomplish maximum stableness of the shoulder articulation in order to cut down hurting and addition maximal strength Arrested development of the AC articulation Historically, the first instrument used to stabilise the AC articulation is smooth or threaded pin. Lizaur11 advocated the usage of 1.8 mm k-wire to stabilise the joint and emphasized on the fix of deltoid and trapezius musculus. Several surveies reported good long term consequence utilizing non-threaded K-wire across the AC joint.12 Sage and Salvatore13 recommended fix of the AC ligament to heighten the stableness of the AC articulation. This technique are fring popularity because of its major ruinous complications of pin migration which is reported to migrate to the great vas, spinal canal, lung and bosom. Hook home base is an alternate technique of arrested development of the AC articulation. After decrease the sidelong terminal of the home base is inserted deep to the acromial process and pry down the collarbone its anatomic place. Bicortical prison guard is used to procure the home base to the collarbone. Plate remotion is recommended at 8 hebdomads. Recent work from Salem and Schmelz study good clinical result with this technique.16 Ladermann et. Al. reported good intermediate consequence of AC and CC cerclage Reconstruction with nonabsrobable sutures.17 Arrested development between coracoid and collarbone Assorted methods of CC stabilisation have been reported including prison guards, sutura, man-made or metallic loop.17 Bosworth in 1941 advocated slowdown screw arrested development between coracoid and collarbone without fix AC and CC ligament. Esenyel et.al.18 modified original Bosworth technique by combine prison guard arrested development with fix the CC ligament. In chronic hurt, several sawboness combine screw arrested development with ligament Reconstruction and study satisfactory consequences. Recent technique utilizing metallic button with heavy non-absorbable sutura ( Tightrope and Graftrope: Arthrex, Endobutton: Simth & A ; Nephew ) go throughing through the coracoids and secure to the superior boundary line of the collarbone with another button.21-28 Biomechanical survey comparing Tightrope versus Mesh tape demonstrated that Tightrope have superior mechanical belongings in commanding horizontal and perpendicular stability.25 Walz et.al.26 demonstrated that Tightrope is a stable and functional Reconstruction with equal and even higher force than native ligament. This technique can be used in concurrence with ligament Reconstruction. Man-made cringle placed between coracoid and the collarbone addition more popularity today. This technique may be usage in combination with CC ligament Reconstruction. Main advantage of this technique is it does non necessitate remotion of the implant such as home base or prison guard. However, instances of sterile reaction and collarbone osteolysis have been reported. Ligament Reconstruction This technique of utilizing CA ligament to restore AC joint stableness origionally was described by Weaver and Dunn.32 The CA ligament is detached from deep surface of acromial process with or without bone and transferred to the distal collarbone. This concept may be augmented with cringle of sutura, man-made stuff allow protection of the healing ligament besides combine with other ligament reconstruction.33-36 Major alteration of this technique is to eviscerate distal collarbone to avoid late devolution of the AC articulation which might caused hurting. Recently, all-arthroscopic technique was proposed for CA ligament transportation. Semitendinosus transplant is now normally used to retrace the CC ligament by doing a cringle under the coracoid or through the coracoids tunnel and hole with intervention screw.38-40 Modifications of this technique varied from choice of transplant, method of arrested development, transplant route..Anatomical biomechanic survey by Kristen43 demonstrated that anatomic semitendinosus homograft Reconstruction give superior biomechanical belongings than other Reconstruction mode ( Graftrope, nonanatomic homograft, modify Weaver- Dunn technique, anatomic sutura ) . Several biomechanical surveies demonstrated important superior result of semitendinosus sinew transplant comparing to the modify Weaver-Dunn process. Cleverger et.al. demonstrated no important difference in biomechanical strength of adjuncted CA ligament transportation in patient undergo AC joint Reconstruction with hamstring graft.36 Distal collarbone resection Deletion of the distal terminal of the collarbone is referred to as the Mumford or Gurd.10 This operation is suited for chronic diagnostic AC joint hurt. Amount of resection are vary from 1-2.5 centimeter. This process must be performed in patient which have integral CC ligament or execute combine with CC ligament Reconstruction. When this process are performed in patient with horizontal and perpendicular instability the consequence are compromised.ComplicationsComplications can happen both surgical and nonsurgical intervention of AC joint hurt. The most common complications associated with nonsurgical intervention are relentless instability and development of late arthrosis of the AC articulation. Complications following surgical intervention are relate to which technique chosen. Hardware failure and migration to major vas and lung have been described. Foreign organic structure reaction and infection occurred after usage of man-made stuff. Fracture of the coracoid procedure and collarbone are related to the process which have been choosen. Brachial rete and alar arteria can be endangered if go throughing the transplant or man-made stuff medial to the coracoids. Recurrent instability have been report in every techniques.RehabilitationAfter CC arrested development with prison guard or sutura, the shoulder should be immobilized in an arm sling for 2 hebdomads. After 2 hebdomads, active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is initiated. Forward flexure more than 90 grades should be avoided. After taking prison guard ( 2-3months ) full active and inactive gesture is started and limited light opposition exercising for 8 hebdomads. After achieved full gesture and strength, patien t can return to usual activities before hurt. After AC joint Reconstruction with sinew transplant ( autoplasty or homograft ) , place the patient in an arm sling for 2 hebdomads. Pendulum exercising at 2 hebdomads and light activity of day-to-day life at 4 hebdomads. Active and inactive scope of gesture exercising is started at 8 hebdomads. Light opposition can be initiated at 3 months. Once full gesture and strength achieved, normal labour work is permitted.